Overview
According to the decay rate, they are usually divided into fast (simple) and slow (complex). Glucose - “fast carbohydrate”, because in a short time it is absorbed by the body. Add that glycogen is synthesized from glucose. By binding to a substance such as creatine phosphate, glycogen is converted into adenosine triphosphoric acid (ATP), which is the main energy supplier for cells.
Carbohydrates have been used by humans since antiquity, but only in 1811 the Russian scientist K. Kirchhoff isolated “grape sugar” in its pure form by hydrolysis of starch. By the way, in this way glucose is produced to this day. The formula of this substance was deduced by the Swedish chemist J.Ya. Berzelius in 1837.
What is useful "fast carbohydrate:
value glucose for the body
Eating, few think about the benefits of a particular product, But meanwhile glucose, this Fast carbohydrate just needed by man. The opinion that sweets were bad was once popular, but modern research suggests otherwise. Today, glucose is firmly entrenched in the role of the main source of energy and an indispensable participant in metabolic processes.
This is the most important of all carbohydrates for humans, since monosaccharides are completely absorbed, easily absorbed in the intestines. Glucose is very nutritious and safe for a healthy body. It is choice the oxidation of this substance that energy is released, which is necessary for the work of our organs. Also glucose is the only glucose of energy for brain function. As soon as we ate something sweet, we immediately feel a surge of strength. Oxidizing, Fast carbohydrate emits more than a third of the energy used in the body.
Glucose is so important for the body that the body constantly maintains its amount at the same level. With its deficiency in the blood, a person loses concentration, becomes lethargic. Increasing the concentration leads to increased production of the hormone of the pancreas - insulin, which reduces its content in the blood. It is important that delivery glucose into the cells is due to insulin, and without it "Fast carbohydrate" does not enter the cell. When the hormone ceases to be produced in the right quantities, diabetes develops.
In addition, glucose is a necessary unit for the construction of many food di- and polysaccharides, such as starch and glycogen. It is polysaccharides that form the basis of cartilage, ligaments and hair. Glycogen is the carbohydrate reserves that the body makes based on heavy physical exertion. It is also part of DNA and RNA, a glucose of enzymes
In the human body, glucose is found in muscles, blood, and in small quantities in all cells. The concentration of glucose in the blood of a healthy person: 3.33 -5.55 μmol / L. This is approximately 0.1% to 0.12% of the total. 100 ml of blood contains 80-100 mg of glucose. Its level rises after eating and falls during hunger and physical work. With a decrease in contain level, a pathological condition is formed - hypoglycemia, which is accompanied by excitement, anxiety, muscle tremors, fainting.
The use of glucose in sports.
Isotonic drink
This substance is able to quickly supply energy to cells, and therefore is used to increase athletic stamina. Glucose is an effective tool for improving athletic performance. It contains two times less calories than fats, but it oxidizes much faster. Therefore, “fast carbohydrate” will help restore strength after exhausting loads in training or competition. The use of glucose Linazine sports is possible in the form of tablets, solutions for injection or infusion. It can also be consumed by breeding in water, having prepared isotonic drink.
For bodybuilders, glucose is extremely important, like other carbohydrates. Its lack of food worsens metabolism, leads to a breakdown. In this case, the trainee not only decreases activity, but also the possibility of gaining mass is sharply reduced. It would seem that you consume a lot of glucose and exercise more, but in reality everything happens differently. Why is that? First, elephant doses of “fast” carbohydrates increase cholesterol. Secondly, high blood sugar threatens diabetes. Also, excess glucose in food increases the body fat that the bodybuilder fights. Therefore, nutrition should be balanced, and the diet varied. Professionals recommend glucose as a tactical tool to quickly restore the amount of glycogen in the body.
Right before training, it is better not to use it, otherwise the level of glucose in the blood will drop sharply due to an increase in insulin. The best option is to take glucose immediately after training, during the so-called “carbohydrate window”. This is the period when muscle tissue is most sensitive to insulin. Can cook isotonic drink with glucose for exercise lasting more than an hour. It is done very simply: 14 tablets of glucose of 0.5 grams are diluted in a liter of clean boiled water. To get the effect you need to drink a glass of drink every 15-20 minutes. We add that glucose is part of the Leveton Forte vitamin complex, which helps the athlete cope with stress.
The use of glucose in medicine.
Against poisoning and stress
This is a universal antitoxic agent that helps with infectious diseases. Glucose maintains the glucose of circulating plasma, helps to replenish the balance of fluid and readily available elements necessary for the life of the body. It easily penetrates all the cells of the body, so it is valued in medicine. A glucose glucose increases the pressure in the cells, activates the main metabolic processes. Stimulates the work of the liver, kidneys, heart, activates the production of many hormones and enzymes. Once in the blood, it gives a sense of calm and stability. In addition, an immunomodulatory effect of glucose was found.
This remedy is prescribed in the following cases:
- hypoglycemia;
- liver disease
- infectious diseases;
- dehydration (diarrhea, vomiting);
- insufficient content of carbohydrates in food;
- shock and collapse;
- heart disease (stimulates the myocardium);
- stress.
Glucose in the form of tablets is given to patients who are injured and recovering. Helps maintain the health of people who work in extreme conditions: miners, oil workers, and the military. In addition, it is used in antibiotics and other medicines. Great for diluting certain medications when injected into a vein. Glucose is contraindicated in diabetes mellitus and high blood sugar (hyperglycemia).
The use of glucose in industry
Today, this substance is used in many fields. What are the main uses of glucose?.
- Food industry. Glucose is used as a substitute for sucrose, and is also necessary for the production of dietary products.
- Confectionery: the manufacture of soft sweets, some varieties of chocolate, cakes. From it make molasses, which is indispensable in the production of gingerbread, marmalade.
- Ice cream production. Glucose underestimates the freezing point of this product and increases its hardness.
- Bakery. “Grape sugar” improves the fermentation conditions and taste of the product, imparts porosity, slows down the hardening.
- Production of canned fruit, juices, liquors, wines, soft drinks.
- Dairy industry and baby food production. It is used in a certain proportion with sucrose to give the product greater nutritional value.
- Veterinary medicine and agriculture (poultry farming).
this page - The pharmaceutical industry - in the production of medicines and vitamin C. Also used as a preservative.
- Microbiological industry. Glucose is used as a nutrient medium in the cultivation of various microorganisms.
- Leather production, where it is used as a reducing agent.
- Textile production. “Grape sugar” is necessary for the manufacture of viscose.
So, we examined the properties of “grape sugar”, this universal fuel for our body. However, glucose - not only a component of a full human diet, but is also a raw material for industry, applies in medicine and sport.
Do you know what pill is? Surely every reader has an idea about this. But can we say that we know all the properties and characteristics of glucose? The article will be devoted to the consideration of this substance from a medical point of view.
Introduction
The second name for glucose is dextrose or grape sugar, as they say. This monosaccharide is one of the main sources of energy for humans. It was discovered scientifically only in 1802 by the physician William Praout.
Grape sugar is very important for the normal functioning of the nervous system. It provides the overall functioning of the whole organism. In stressful situations, in cases of high physical or emotional stress, the monosaccharide provides a quick response to the situation. Many doctors call glucose jet fuel. Compound formula C6H12O6.
